The easy and recommended method of building a grey structure house involves a number of steps once the design phase is completed. If you’re a layperson seeking a builder to build your dream home it is essential to have a prior understanding of how the structure of the house is constructed and which material is appropriate for its sturdy structure. To comprehend the house grey structure construction procedure in Pakistan here is a step-by-step manual to follow.
SITE CLEARANCE
The initial step to build a home is clearing the site. Site clearance refers to the need to create the construction site and it involves the removal of rubbish, trees and stumps, bushes, grasses, debris and so on. The demolition of existing sites is also included with site clearing, however, it takes lots of effort, time as well as labor and costs to be borne.
SITE LAYOUT
After ensuring the site clearance, the next step is to draw the site layout plan on the land prepared during its designing phase. Failure to mark the exact site plan on your ground can prevent unexpected problems that may occur in further work.
HOUSE SUBSTRUCTURE PHASE
Everything below the ground floor or the plinth level of a structure is known as its substructure; all above it is its superstructure. The substructure is the one that carries the dead load, the live load, as well as the other loads that are part of a superstructure that a building is built on. The substructure is mostly the structure’s backbone. In this phase, the soil condition is considered as well. The foundation phase of the house construction comprises excavation, plain cement and concrete mixture applications, termite proofing, brickwork until plinth level damp proof course, and footings for columns.
EXCAVATION
Excavation is the foremost step in laying down the foundation of a house. The process starts right after the layout of the house completes. With the help of a bulldozer or backhoe, the land is excavated to the required depth. Normally the ground digs to the centre of 2 feet for 9 inches and 4.5 inches thick wall and 4 feet for columns footings.
TERMITE PROOFING
The next stage is to kill the termites after the excavation completes. Different anti-termite chemicals are used for this purpose, in which a few of the popular termite killer chemicals are Bi-flex and Fiprokill.
APPLICATION OF PLAIN CEMENT CONCRETE (P.C.C)
After the termite proofing, the land is filled with the 3 inches thick plain cement concrete (P.C.C) of ratio 1:4:8 or varies as per the customer requirement. The 1:4:8 means 1 part of cement mix with 4th part of sand and 8th part of crush.
DAMP PROOFING
DPC or damp proof course prevents moisture from coming to the walls and floors of the house through capillary action. Tameerkaro construction company follows the following procedure for damp proofing while constructing a new home.
- 1.5 inches thick damp proof concrete applies horizontally as per the wall’s length with the 1-inch depth gap normally.
- 1-inch depth of damp proof concrete applies vertically between the two layers of damp proof concrete applies horizontally.
- Horizontal applied DPC includes polythene sheet over hot bitumen coat over 1.5 inches plain cement concrete mixture of ratio 1:2:4.
- Vertical applied DPC includes ½” to ¾” thick plaster with 1:3 CSM (Cement Sand Mortar) or 1:4 CSM.
BRICKWORK FOUNDATION UP TO PLINTH LEVEL
Once the plain cement and concrete application completes, the labour starts the foundation work with bricks or blocks. In Pakistan, using red clay bricks is conventional. But due to the advancement in concrete technology, a new type of brick called fly ash brick is highly in demand, especially in Punjab, Pakistan. The specification used in the foundation process varies as per the number of house floors and their structural drawings.
- 1st bricks layer is 3 inches thick and 22.5 inches wide.
- 2nd bricks layer is 3 inches thick and 18 inches wide.
- 3rd layer of bricks is 3 inches in depth and 13.5 inches wide.
- 9 inches thick wall is laid up to the plinth level.
Note: Plinth level is normally assumed 2’ from N.S.L (Natural Surface Leve) or according to the site.
REINFORCE COLUMN FOOTING
For the strong foundation, reinforced column footing is considered the best and economical for house construction. Tameerkaro construction company uses high-quality M60 grade steel for reinforced column footings. Normally, 3 inches plain cement concrete bed is made to level the land below the bases. After that, steel and shuttering are used along with concrete, and proper curing is done to prevent dehydration.
BACK FILLING OR PLINTH LEVEL FILLING
Ghassu filling process starts to fill the void area within the plinth. The material obtained during the excavation process and the material procured, including sand, crush, and the soil, are refined, mixed, and poured to fill the gaps with proper compaction. This compaction is necessary to make a smooth horizontal bed to construct the ground floor and prevent inevitable cracks in the flooring. Most people like to use plaster as the final coat to level the surface.
HOUSE SUPERSTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION PHASE
The house superstructure starts after the foundation work completes as per the structural drawings of your house. At this stage, you start seeing how your new home looks like in real-time. The construction of all floors, doors, windows, lintel, flooring, water tank system, boundary wall, side passages, and electrical and plumbing work comes in building house superstructure. Tameerkaro construction company provides A-Class house construction services in all cities of Pakistan. Below are a few of the simple steps Tameerkaro follows to construct a basic cemented house superstructure.
ALL FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
It includes the ground floor, first floor, mummy grey construction of the house. The work starts by initially building brick walls systematically on the ground floor, then on the first floor, etc. or as per the architectural drawings while leaving the space for windows and doors. For the construction of the ground floor, Tameerkaro uses the following procedure:
- The work starts with the construction of 9 inches thick brick wall up to a standard height of 10 feet using cement sand mortar of ratio 1:5. The height and mortar ratio varies as per the architectural drawings.
- After that, the construction of 4.5 inches thick brick wall up to the same standard height of 10 feet using cement sand mortar of ratio 1:4.
- While constructing these walls, space is left for windows, doors, and ventilators as per the requirements.
- Building reinforced concrete columns and lintels over windows, doors after fixing steel & shuttering as per the structural drawings.
- Building R.C.C lintels over windows, doors after fixing steel & shuttering as per the structural drawings.
- Pouring of the reinforced concrete slab after providing the shuttering and fixing the steel in beams and slabs as per the structural drawings.
- Placement of electrical pipes before pouring concrete as per the electrical drawings.
OVERHEAD WATER TANK (O.H.W.T)
- Formation of R.C.C pillars for O.H.W.T according to structural Drawings or client requirements.
- Formation of R.C.C bottom and top slabs and R.C.C walls according to structural drawings or client requirements.
- Water Proofing for the inner side of U.G.W.T.
WATERPROOFING
Waterproofing is the process of making the building water-resistant or waterproof to help ensure structural integrity. Tameerkaro waterproofing services in house construction includes:
- 1.5” brick tiles laid with mud mortar and grouted with 1:3 CSM over.
- 3”-4” earth cover over.
- Polythene sheet over.
- Flood coat of cold bitumen.
- Reinforced concrete Slab.
OTHER IMPORTANT STEPS
In addition to the construction of these important parts of a cemented house, a few more significant tasks need to be done for its functionality, safety, and structural stability.
- Boundary Wall and Side Passages
- Gas and Sewerage Pipe Line Work
- Electrical and Plumbing Work
- Plastering and Flooring
- Underground Water Tank
- Septic Tank
- Site Clearance
Contact Tameerkaro for House Grey Structure Construction
For economical and well-built house construction services in Pakistan, contact the expert at Tameerkaro Construction Company. Since 1986, the company has a history of building jaw-dropping houses in all Pakistan cities, especially in Lahore, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Sialkot, and other cities of Punjab. Call at 0300-0556666 or sign up to send an inquiry online.